Urban Infrastructure Investment Requirement in India : 2012-31

Urban Infrastructure Investment Requirement: 2012-31 (Rs crore).

Total Expenditure        3918670

 Urban Roads              1728941 

 Urban Transport         449426 

 Renewal and Redevelopment including Slums 408955 

 Water Supply             320908 

 Sewerage                   242688 

 Storm Water Drains   191031

 Capacity Building       101759

 Traffic Support Infrastructure    97985

 Solid Waste Management         48582

 Street Lighting            18580

 Other Sectors             309815

"Almost 44 percent of urban infrastructure investment over the 20-year period  is accounted for urban roads. The backlog for this sector is very large, ranging from 50 per cent to 80 per cent across the cities of India.  Sectors delivering urban services such as water supply, sewerage, solid waste management, and storm water drains account for  about 20 per cent"

Source:  Report on Indian  Urban Infrastructure and Services 2009-2010

Daily space curve of a common Urban Man

post by : Anoop Jha

An average working person in a metropolitan city goes through a funnel of fluctuating space experience following a somewhat definite pattern on an average working day – from home to public transport to office to public transport again and back to home. Let’s call it “Daily Space Curve”. It’s a space footprint available to a person on an average working day, distributed across a day and across the standard route followed to complete the day activities.

Individual Space Curve

Daily Space Curve can prove to be one of the comparative scales while studying and comparing the standard of living or livability of different cities. Larger the space footprint available to a citizen more livable and desirable would be the city.

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Pressed Necessity - Invasion of natural desire for a respectable “Social Space”

Urban public transport provides a faster way to commute, but it comes at a cost of something which cannot be compensated with saved time or money i.e. “Social Space”, but most people often seem to ignore the fact or somehow they have accepted to pay this cost. Every human being either individual or collective, have a natural desire to create and maintain their sphere of private space in a social setting which is like a virtual bubble around them, primarily for their inherent security instinct, let’s call this bubble “Social Space”. Social space tends to grow in size as the size of group increases, from individual to crowd.

Social Space Bubble

While in public places an individual subconsciously try to defend their social space trying to maintain a respectable distance from people surrounding them. But in crowded public places mostly in intra-city commuting through overcrowded MRTS, BRTS, Buses, Local Trains etc. people invade into each other’s social space bubble due to increasingly limited space that different modes of transport offers due to ever growing population, irrespective of their like or dislike. 


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Bigger the city more acute is this phenomenon. More the people are packed closely more uneasiness they feel. There seem to be no other choice for the common citizens.

Pressed Necessity of Public Transport

Social Space : Desired Vs Available

It appears that most of the public transport in any city caters to the population much higher than their design capacity, at least higher than the footfall or ridership taken into consideration while designing the system, because if we assume the ridership figure of any functional public transport vehicle at present as a designed capacity of that vehicle and divide it with the usable space available inside the vehicle, the figure of ^“Area available for an individual inside a public vehicle (Metro coach / bus)”  hence achieved  would be far less than what it has been designed or planned for, or what we call “standard area requirement per person per vehicle / coach. It’s a pressed Necessity of the time, but there is an urgent need to find a better solution to respect the personal space of people in an urban setting.

See related articles by - Anoop Jha


http://planningurbanoregional.blogspot.com/2011/10/daily-space-curve-of-common-urban-man.html.